![]() Comparison of treatments proved difficult and it was concluded that, although most cases would probably respond satisfactorily to 2.8 bar (2100 mm Hg) of oxygen, there were no compelling reasons for altering the current treatment practice of beginning treatment of acute cases with a 30-min period at 6.0 bar (165 fsw) before returning to 2.8 bar (60 fsw) to complete the therapy. If a small pneumothorax is present (e.g., 10 to 20) and there are no signs of haemodynamic or respiratory instability, it may be resolved by administering high flows of 100 oxygen for 24-48 hours. Increasing the time to treatment reduced the likelihood of cure. A suspected hypertensive pneumothorax is treated with decompressive puncture followed by thoracostomy. The remaining cures occurred in equal numbers during decompression and after surfacing. The air bubbles can damage the eye and cause soreness, decreased visual acuity, and halos around lights. Eye barotrauma occurs when small air bubbles are trapped behind hard contact lenses. An overall success rate of 65% was seen with 62% of cures occurring within 25 min of arrival at pressure. Mask barotrauma may be avoided when pressures are equalized within the face mask by exhaling from the nose into the mask. The 89 treated cases of AGE (including 2 iatrogenic cases) were used to study the efficacy of different treatments. Half of AGE cases improved spontaneously, including 21% which recovered completely. Details of presentation and precipitating factors were analysed. ![]() ![]() There were 23 cases of uncomplicated PBT and 117 cases of cerebral arterial gas embolism (AGE), of which 58 had respiratory manifestations. A review of case records spanning 20 years revealed 140 cases of decompression pulmonary barotrauma (PBT) in divers. ![]()
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